遇到你最爱的人，然后体会到爱的感觉；  

    因为了解被爱的感觉，所以才能发现最爱你的人；  

    当你经历过爱人与被爱，学会了爱，才会知道什么是你需要的，也才会找到最适合你，

能够相处一辈子的人。 

    你最爱的，往往没有选择你；  

    最爱你的，往往不是你最爱的；  

    而最长久的，偏偏不是你最爱也不是最爱你的，  

    只是在最适合的时间出现的那个人。 

    没有人是故意要变心的，他爱你的时候是真的爱你，  

    可是他不爱你的时候也是真的不爱你了，  

    他爱你的时候没有办法假装不爱你；  

    同样的，他不爱你的时候也没有办法假装爱你。  

    当一个人不爱你要离开你，  

    你要问自己还爱不爱他，  

    如果你也不爱他了，千万别为了可怜的自尊而不肯离开；  

    如果你还爱他，你应该会希望他过得幸福快乐 
     
    真正爱一个人是无法说出原因的，  

    你只知道无论何时何地、心情好坏，你都希望这个人陪著你；  

    真正的感情是两人能在最艰苦中相守，也就是没有丝毫要求。  

    分开是一种必然的考验，  

    如果你们感情不够稳固，  

    只好认输…… 

    有的诺言,  

        也许永远不可能实现……

每当我看着我们的房子
呆呆的看着你熟睡的样子
你就是我最宠最爱也最心疼的娘子
我就要陪着你过完这一辈子

常常在夜深人静时想到死
当然并不是因为生活的没有意思
像我这样爱过恨过也风光过的女子
遗憾的是还没有给你生个孩子

不能给我生个儿子
长得像你的眼睛像你的嘴巴和你的鼻子

但是看起来确实和你是一个模子
再加上我的大方矜持 和你的聪明才智


我常常在夜深人静时想到死
当然并不是因为生活的没有意思
像我这样爱过恨过也风光过的女子
遗憾的是还没有给你生个孩子

能不能给我生个儿子
长得像你的眼睛像你的嘴巴和你的鼻子

但是看起来确实和我是一个模子
再加上你的大方矜持 和我的聪明才智


我今年二十有六 生活一无所有
除了要个儿子 没有别的追求
我今年三十有六 生活应有尽有
除了要个儿子 没有别的追求

我今年二十有六 生活一无所有
除了要个儿子 没有别的追求
我今年三十有六 生活应有尽有
除了要个儿子 没有别的追求
我今年二十有六 生活一无所有
除了要个儿子 没有别的追求

突然发现，自己开始与身边的人有了距离。慢慢的剥离开来，快三十岁了，才猛然发现自己的生命好像完全虚度了一样。

身边成功的人太多，让自己慢慢有了很大的危机感。

该如何继续走前面的路？自己的事业该向什么地方去发展，如何发展，困惑无处不在......

浪费了太多的青春和生命，静下来想想，多么能够希望回过头来重新走一次，但是我知道那是不可能的了。

放弃还是继续苦斗？逆流而上还是顺水推舟？老天没有赋予我太多的先天优越，我自己也没能把握住从前的人生，今后的日子还很漫长，我却几乎放弃了走下去的勇气......

One I love, two she loves
Three she's true to me
All of my friends fell out with me
Because I kept your company
But let them say whatever they will
I love my love with a free good will

One I love, two she loves
And three she's true to me
They tell me he's poor, they tell me he's young
I tell them all to hold their tongue
If they could part the sand from the sea
They never could part my love from me

One I love, two she loves
Three she's true to me
When I'm awake, I find no rest
Until his head lies on my breast
When I'm asleep I'm dreaming of
My own, my dear, my one true love

One I love, two she loves
Three she's true to me
When the fire to ice will run
And when the tide no longer turns
And when the rocks melt with the sun
My love for you will have just begun

One I love, two she loves
Three she's true to me
One I love, two she loves
And three she's true to me

状语从句
包括(时间,原因,地点,条件,目的,结果,让步,比较)
1 时间状语从句:once, when, while, as, before, after, until, since, as soon as...
WHEN
(1)The train had left when I got to station.(之后)
(2)I will tell him when he come back.(之前)
(3)I was cooking when he came in .(同时)
WHILE
   While amts grow they change their from 3 times.
AS
   He sang happily as was cleaing the bike.
BEFORE
He didn't know Chinese before be come here.
AFTER
He went to shanghai after he graduated from the school.
UNTIL
He didn''t go to bed until be finished homework.
SINCE(常接过去时的句子)
He has taught in this school since be moved here.
AS SOON AS
He wrote to me as soon as be get to Beijing .
ONCE
Once he passes the exam he will treat us.
2 地点状语从句(where,wherever)
  We will meet him where I met you yesterday.
  I will find him wherever he may be .
3 条件状语从句(if,unless,as/so long as , in case,suppose,on condition,provided)
IF
I will help you if I have time.
UNLESS
I''ll go to the zoo unless it tomorrow.
AS/SO LONG AS
You can pass the exam as long as you don''t lase heart.
IN CASE
Please write to me in case you have any difficulty.
SUPPOSE
Suppose I can''t pass the exam ,what shall I do .
ON CONDITION
I will let you use the room .
4 目的状语从句(so that , in order that , lest , for fear that)
He is climbing higher so that he can see clearly.
I wrote something in the book lest I would forget it.
5 结果状语从句(so that , so...that , such...that)
He studied hard,so that he passed the exam.
注:so that 引导结果状语从句有逗号,并不含情态动词,目的状语从句无逗号,常常含有情态动词.
6 让步 although/though   even if/though
I''ll help you although,I am busy now.
We wont''t look down on you even if you failthe.

名词性从句(宾语从句,主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)
1宾语从句(1)时态一致,主语为过去时,从句必须是过去的某个时态.(2)陈述语序.(3)可由that , whether/if疑问词连接
当从句是陈述句时,用that引导,That常可以省去.
He said. He is a student.  H e said (that) he was a student.
当从句是疑问句时,用whether/if引导
He asked . Did you live here last year ?  He asked if you lived here last year?
当从句是特殊疑问句时用疑问词引导
He asked. Who is he ?  He asked who he was?
2主语从句陈述语序
(1)陈述句做主语从句,用that引导.  
(2)一般疑问句做主语从句,用whether引导,不可以用if
(3)特殊疑问句做主语,从句用疑问词引导,太长可以用IT代替,主语移到后面.
3表语从句(BE 动词之后,陈述语序,常由THAT疑问词引导,无whether)            
His sugpestion is (that)we go to the zoo.
That is (why am i late?)  That is why I am late .
4同位语从句:解释说明所修饰的词,(idea , fact , news , hope , belief , thought , doubt)用THAT且不可以省去.
The fact that he failed the exam made him sad.

直接引语,间接引语
直接引语,用别人的原话,书写时加引号.  He said "I like football".
间接引语,用自己的话,转述别人的话. He said that he liked football.
1 直接引语为陈述句时变为间接引语的方法
(1)用THAT连接,THAT常常可以省去.
(2)主句中谓语动词若为said to改为told
(3)六大变化(人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语,动词)
人称变化 :　规律，一随主，二随宾，三不变（其中一，二，三是指直接引语中的第一人称，第二人称，第三人称，主是主句的主语，宾是主句的宾语，若无宾语看作第一人称）
           He said,"I left your book in her desk"   He said (that)he had left mine book in her desk.
           He said to Tom,"I ment to your house yesterday.   He told Tom (that)he had gone his house yesterday.
时态变化　：后错一个，变为原时态过去的那个时态．前提，主句为一般过去时，如果主句是现在时，时态不变．
           一般现在时变为一般过去时(am/is/are 动词---过去式)
           现在进行时变为过去进行时(am/is are+doing---was/were+doing)
           一般将来时变为过去将来时(will/shall+do---would/should+do)
           一般过去时变为过去完成时(过去式---had+过分)
           现在完成时变为过去完成时(have/has+过分---had+过分)
   特例:当直接引语为普遍真理的时候,时态不变;当直接引语中含有明确表示过去的时间状语,如日期,时态不变.
指示代词的变化 : this---that , these---those
时间状语的变化 : now---then , today---that day , tonight---that night , this week---that week , tomorrow---the next day , yesterday---the day before ,
                last week---the week before , 3 years ago---3 years before
地点状语的变化 : here---there
动词的变化 : come---go
2直接引语为一般疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,变为间接引语的方法
(1)用if/whether连接
(2)主句中动词若为said---asked
(3)由疑问语序变为陈述语序
(4)6大变化
3直接引语为特殊疑问句时
(1)用原疑问词连接
(2)语序变为陈述语序
(3)六大变化
4直接引语为祈使句时变为间接引语
(1)把动词原形变为"to+动原";否定形式"Don''t+动原"变为"not to +动原"
(2)把主句的谓语动词换成tell,order,ask
(3)六大变化

强调句
结构:It+be(is/was)+要强调的部分+that/who+剩余的部分
注:be 动词根据原句时态确定,如是现在时或将来时用IS ,如果过去的时态,用WAS,若是现在完成时用WHO, THAT用于任何东西(人)
1 The students are reading in the classroom.
  It is the students who are reading in the classroom. It is in the classroom that the students are reading.
2 Mr Smith met Tom in the street yesterday
  It was yesterday that Mr Smith met Tom in the street.

现在完成进行时
构成:have/has been doing
用法:1指过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,有可能还要继续,也有可能停止.
    2 表示现在之前这段时间重复发生的动作.
We have been talking about you.

定语从句
1 定语从句应该放在所修饰词的后面.
2 被修饰的词称为先行词
3 定语从句可由who/whom/which/that/when/where/why/whose引导,这些引导词代表先行词(可以称为替身)在从句中可做主语,宾语,状语等)
(1)当先行词是人的时候,作主语作用who/that作宾语用whom/that
   He is a man who (that) teaches well.替身在定语从句中做主语.
注:引导词在句中做宾语时可以省去
(2)当先行词是物的时候用which/that引导,在句中可做主语/宾语
The letter which(that) came just now is for Tom
注:引导词在句中做宾语时可以省去
(3)当先行词是地点时用where,在从句中做状语,可以省去
The factory (where he works)is very far.
(4)当先行词是时间用when,在从句中做状语可以省去.
The day (when you came )was Tnesday.
(5)当先行词是原因时用why在从句中做状语时,可以省去.
The reson(why he came here)is not dear.
(6)表示"...的"时候用whose 在句中做定语指人/物
Is there a girl whose name is lucy.
注:当which/that/whom/在从句中做宾语时可省,where/when/why也可省,当先行词为物时,在下列情况只能用that,而不能用which
   (1)当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时,只能用that不能用which      This is the best book that I borrowed yesterday.
   (2)当先行词前有序数词或last/only修饰词时,只能用that 不用which  This is the first/last/only bridg that will be built this year.
   (3)当先行词前有不定代词修饰,或者先行词本身就是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which
        Is there anything that can be eaten?All the books that are on the table are interesting.

定语从句的分类
限定性定语从句:不能与先行词分开,否定意思不完整,不清楚,翻译时常放在先行词前.
非限定性定语从句:可以与先行词分开,起补充说明的作用,去掉了,意思仍然完整,译时可以单独译,常用逗号隔开.
注:非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,指人时,用who/whom指物时用which
   He likes the room which is big.
   当引导词在从句中做介词的宾语时,可以把介词移到引导词之前,指物时用which,指人时用whom,而不能用that
   He didn''t pass the exam which made his sad .
   在非限定性定语从句中,which可以修饰,前面的整个句子,常放在后面.
   AS 在非限定性定语从句中,也可以修饰整个句子,常放在前面,译为"正如,正像"
   As is well-know tous the earth is round.

过去完成进行时
构成:had been doing
用法:表示过去某个时间前一直进行的动作.
He said it had been raining for 3 days.--- He told me I had been reading the novet.

将来进行时
构成:shall/will be doing
用法:
1 表示在将来某个时间,正在进行的动作. I will be cooking at five tomorrow afternoon.
2 表示要发生的动作 .  We will be studying lesson six next week.
3 有时可以代替将来时,便语气委婉些.  When will you leave?  When will you be leaving?(较委婉)

将来完成时
构成:shall/will have done
用法:在将来某个时间前,已经完成的动作
We will have learned 10 lessons when the term ends.
We will have finished the lesson by next Thuresday.

动名词:非谓语动词,不能做谓语
形式: 动词ING形式
具有动词的特征可有自己的宾语,状语,表语
具有名词的特征在句中可作主语,表语,宾语,也可做定语
1 做主语: Runing a super market is very difficult.--- It is very difficult running a super market.
  动名词做主语与不定式做主语时的区别:一般情况下,动名词做主语表示抽象的,经常性的动作; 不定式做主语表示具体的或将来要发生的动作.
  Tow swim with you this afternoon is exciting.
注:在下列结构中,只能用动名词做主语
   It''s no use (crying over the spilt milk)
   It''s no harm (doing morning exercises every day)
   It''s no good (reading in bed)
2 做表语 用在BE动词之后.
   His job is raising pigs.  
注:动名词做表语与不定式做表语的区别: 动名词表示一般性,经常性的活动,不定式常表示将来的动作
   His dream is to earn 10000 yuan each month.
3 做定语:表示所修饰物的用途(很多成为固定短语)
sleep-car , walking stick , swimming pool
4 做宾语
(1)做动词的宾语
有些动词后只能接动名词做宾语:enjoy , mind , suggest , finish , avoid , can''t help , admit , require , postpone , delay , practice , advise , consider ,
                            deny , endure , escape , miss , keep
有些词即能接动名词又能接不定式:remember , stop , forget , like/hate/prefer , try
(2)做介词的宾语   介+doing
My father gave up smoking two year ago.
动+介+doing:think of , hear of , prevent sb from , depend on , be/get used to , be fond of , be afraid of , succeed in , be interesting in ,
be pround of , be been on , object to , look forward to , be responsible for , insist on , used to do

动名词的时态及语态
时态:
1 动名词的一般式 doing
(1) 与谓语动作同时发生  Try doing it another way.
(2) 发生的时间不确定  Swimming is my hobbly.
2 动名词的完成式(having+过去分词)表示动名词动作发生在谓语动作之前.
  He was praised for having done well.
但我们常用一般来表示虽然该动作发生在谓语之前.
语态:
主动,逻辑主语是动作的执行者.
被动,逻辑主语是动作的承受者.
一般式的被动:He was afraid of making mistakes. He was afraid of being punished.
完成式的被动:having been +过去分词
            He was prond of having invited the teacher to party.
在动名词前,可以加上形容词性物主代词,宾格,名词的所有格来修饰.
Do you mind my opening the door.

IT的用法
1 指物  It is a pencil.
2 指时间,天气,季节,环境,距离等. It is six o'clock. It''s summer.
3 做形式主语代替动名词,不定式,主语从句 It''s important to study English well.
4 做形式宾语,代替动名词,不定式宾语从句 I found it difficult to study English well.
5 用于强调句型  It is/was+强调部分+that/who+剩余部分  It is in the room that he is reading.

分词:非谓语动词
两类(现在分词 动ing形式 ; 过去分词 +ed/不规则)
分词也可以有自己的宾语,表语,状语
*现在分词与过去分词的区别
现在分词:表示主动或进行  a flying bird
及物动词的过去分词,表示被动或完成 a used car
不及物动词的过去分词:只表示完成 fallen leaves
分词(现分,过分)在句中可以做A表语 B定语 C宾补 D状语
A 分词做表语,现在分词做表语时,表示主语的性质,特点 ; 过去分词做表语时,表示主语的状态.
The book is very interesting.           He is interested in the book.
*做表语的分词现已演化成形容词,可以把它做形容词来记.
The story is interesting.(现分) He hobby is swimming.(动名词)He is swimming.(现在进行时)
B做定语
1 单个(单独)的分词做定语,常在所修饰的词之前.现在分词表示主动和进行;过去分词表示被动或现成.
现在分词表示所修饰的人或物的具体动作,动名词做定语时表示所修饰的作用用途.
2 分词短语做宾语,必须放在所修饰的词之后,相当于一个定语从句.
现在分词,表示主动进行 ; 过去分词,表示被动完成
C宾补(现在分词表示进行 ; 过去分词,表示被动完成)
现在分词:I hard a girl sining in the room.
注:see sb do ; see sb doing
   hear sb de ; hear sb doing
   haw sth ; have sb do sth
D分词做状语(很常见)与句子主语主动关系是现在分词与句子主句被动关系是过去分词
1 做时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句
注:有时为突出时间概念,可以在分词前加上when/while
2 做原因状语,相当于状语从句
Being busy he couldn''t go to see the film.---As he was busy he couldn''t go to see the film.
3 做条件状语,相当于一个条件状语从句
Living near the sea, she will know the sea.--- If he lives near the sea ,she will know the sea .
4 做方式状语
现在分词:He left the room singing and laughing.
过去分词:The old man lay in the street surrounded by many people.
注:分词作状语时它的逻辑主语必须是句子主语
分词前有时也可以有自己的逻辑主语,这种结构被称为分词的独立结构,在句中做状语分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词.
The night being dark he was afraid to leave.

分词的时态与语态
过去分词表示被动.完成只是一种形式
1 现在分词的时态与语态
时态:
(1)一般式,表示分词的动作与谓语动作同时发生或强调正在进行  I saw her playing under the tree.
(2)完成式(have done)表示分词动作发生在谓语之前.
语态:
当逻辑主语是分词动作的执行者时,用主动语态
当逻辑主语是分词动作的承受者时,用被动语态
一般式的被动语态(being+过分)
The bridge being built by the workers is the biggest in China.
完成式的语态(having been+过分)发生在谓语之前与逻辑主语是被动关系
Having been given a wrong mumber .I failed to call him.

虚拟语气
语气:在英语中,根据说话的意图,动词采取的不同的形式成为语气.
分类:陈述语气,陈述一个事实,提出一个问题.
    祈使语气,请求,命令.
    虚拟语气,表示主观愿望,不可能实现,在空想,仅用在几种结构中.
1 虚拟语气用在非真实的条件句中(if)
条件句:真实条件句,假设的条件很有可能实现,用陈述语气.
      非真实条件句,假设的条件,实现的可能性很小,是一种空想,与实际相反,用虚拟语气.
(1)与现实相反的假设:
条件从句:过去式  ;  主句:would+动原(第一人称可用should)
If I were you  I would go to Beijing.
注:BE 动词在虚拟语气中常用were,无论是第几人称,但在口语中,一,三人称单数也可以用WAS
(2)与过去相反的假设
从句:had+过分   ;   主句:would+have+过分
If I had enough money yesterday.I would have bought the TV set.
(3)与将来相反的假设,将来不可能实现的动作
从句:过去式/should+动原/were+动原   ;   主句:would+动原
If I had/should have/were to have enough money to tomorrow I would buy the car.
注:(1)主句中除WOULD/SHOULD之外,根据情况也可以用COULD/MIGHT
(2)当从句中含WERE/HAD/SHOULD时,可以把IF省去,把WERE/HAD/SHOULD提到主语之前.
2 虚拟语气在WISH后的宾语从句中表示主观愿望
现在的情况,动词用HAD+过分  ;  过去的情况,动词用HAD+过分   ;    特殊情况,动词用过去式/WOULD+动原
I wish I were/was as tall as you .
3 虚拟语气用在would rather后的宾语从句中,从句的动词形式与wish相同  I would rather he came here.
*4 在一些表示建议,要求,命令的动词之后的宾语从句中:suggest , order , demand , propose , command , request , desire , insist
从句中的动词形式(should)+动原  I suggest that you should go to school by bike .
5 在一些结构后的主语从句中:It''s desired , It''s requested , It''suggested , It''s ordered , It''s proposed , It''s necessary , It''s important/essential/crucial
+主语从句
It''s important that the students study English well.
6 在一些名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中
suggestion , proposal , order , recommendation , plan/idea
从句中动词的形式(should)+动原  My suggestion is that he take the place of Mr Smith.
7 在AS IF/AS THOUGH之后的状语从句中,从句中的动词形式与WISH相同
8 在It''s time/It''s high time后的从句中  "确实是...的时候了" 动词用过去式
It''s time we went to bed.

倒装句
自然语序:主语在谓语动词前面的句子.
倒装语序:谓语的全部成分放在主语之前.
(1)完全倒装:指谓语全部放在主要之前.
(2)部分倒装:指谓语的一部分(BE动词,助动词,情态动词)放到主语前面,另一部分仍在主语之后
倒装句常常用在以下结构中:
1 问句  Can I help you ?
2 陈述句多用自然语序,在下列情况下须倒装:
there be , here 开头的句子 ,以 so/neither/nor开头的句子 ,as 引导的让步状语从句
3 在一些否定意义的词开头的句子中
never , little , seldom , not only , hardly , scarcely
Never before has our country been so strong.
4 Hardly/scarrely/No snooner+had+主+过分
Hardly had I entered the room when he knocked at the door.

主谓一致
1 谓语动词在人称上必须和主语保持一致
2 主语为抽象概念,谓语用单数  Studing English is very important.
3 当主语含有AND时,多数情况用复数,如果表示"单一"用单数  Tom and Mike like swimming.
4 当主语包含"with , together , as well as , but , except , beside+名词"这样的结构谓语动词与主语保持一致
  The teacher with two students going to the libary.
5 由some/any/no/every构成的复合词,及each后的谓语动词用单数  Each of us has a dictionary.
6 which , who可以是单数,也可以是复数,*意思来判断
7 None后的动词,既是单数也可以是复数
8 either/neither通常做单数看待  Nerther of us has been to Beijing.
9 many a /more that one 修饰的词做主语时谓语用单数 Mary a student has lunch at school.
10 表示科学名称的词 physics , mathmatice  pulitice   economice  news   means  works做主语时动词用单数.
11 people , police , cattle 在任何情况下都做复数
12 family , crew , audience做主语时,若被看作整体,动词用单数,看作个体强调每个人的行为时,谓语用复数
  My family is a big one.  The family are watching a match.
13 either or/neither nor 连接并列主语,谓语与后者保持一致  Neither you nor I am able to leave here.
14 There be 句型后接一系列的事物时看第一个.

代词
A 人称代词:    我  你   他   她  它  我们 你们 他们
  分两类 主格  I   you  he  she  it  we  you  they
        宾格   me  you  him her  it  us  you  them
  1 主格在句中作主语 I am a student. They are workers.
  2 宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语 He helps me.  Listen to me.
  3 作表语时常用宾格  It's me.
  4 作主语的顺序   you, he and I   we, you and they物主代词
  分两类:a 形容词性物主代词   my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their
         b 名词性物主代词 mine, your, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs  
  1 形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,修饰名词.  my father , your book
  2 名词性物主代词作主语,表语,宾语,不修饰名词.
     This book is yours.  Mine is at home.    I'll use hers.
C  反身代词(自身代词)  -self/selves
   myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves
   规律:第三人称的反身代词是在其宾格后self/selves
        其他人称在其形容词性物主代词后加self/selves
   用法:可以作宾语 Please take care of yourself.  He didn't it all by himself.
        可以作表语 That boy was myself.
        可以作同位语 (译:本人) He himself is teacher. 他本人是个老师.
   (1)  help yourself to some fish 随便吃点鱼吧
   (2)  enjoy themselves=have a good time
D  相互代词
  1 each other 两者之间的关系
  2 one another　很多或更多人之间的关系
　例：We should help each other/one anther.我们可以互相帮助．
　注：有时相互代词可用所有格　　We should care other's lives.
                              我们应该关心彼此的生活．
Ｅ　指示代词　this, that, these, those

名词
　　可数名词可由a/an修饰，有复数形式；不可数名词不可由a/an修饰．
Ａ　名词变复数的方法：
　１　一般情况加s,如boys ,girls , th也可直接加s , months
  2　以 s,x,ch,sh 结尾的加es, buses, fishes, boxes, watches
  3  以o结尾的有的加s　 photos ,radios, zoos
             有的加es  ＂两人两菜＂heroes, negroes ; tomatoes, potatoes
  4　以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i加es  flies, cities
  5  以f,fe结尾的名词多数变f/fe为v加es  knives, shelves
  注：chief , roof , belief 直接加s
  6  特殊变化　men , women , children , feet , geese , teethes  7　外来词　　medium-media/mediums , phenomenon-phenomena , thesis-theses
              formula-formulae/formulas , analysis-analyses , crisis-crises
　８　合成词，边复数常把主要的词变为复数
　　　　　　　　sons-in-law , runners-up , bus-drivers
　注：含有man, woman的合成词变复数时都变
　　　　　　　men-teacher , women-doctors
  9　有的单词单复数相同　　Chinese , Japanese , sheep , deer
  10 fish  （１）指条数时单复数相同　（２）指种类时复数加es  (3)作成菜为不可数名词
Ｂ　名词所有格
　１　在后面加's  如　Tom's
  2   名词为复数以s/es结尾加'　如　students' classroom
  3  不以s/es结尾的复数加's   如   the children's teacher
  4  两个人在后者的后面加's   如   Lucy and lily's room

数词
A   基数词
  1  1-19分别有一个词  eleven , twelve , thirteen , fourteen , ......
  2  整十以ty结尾   twenty , thirty , forty , fifty , sixty , ......
  3  hundred百 , thousand千 , million百万 , billion十亿  
  4  几十几  先说整十,中间加"-"   twenty-three , fifty-six
  5  几百几十几 先说百加and加几十几   five hundred and forty-six
  注:  1  hundreds of 成百上千 , thousands of...
       2  In the 1980s   20世纪80年代
B   序数词
       first , second , third , fourth , fifth , sixth , seventh , eighth , ...
    规律: 1   一般在基数词后加th
          2   1 2 3单独记  
          3   以ve结尾的变f加th
          4   以ty结尾的变y为i加eth
          5   多位数的序数词变个位   twenty-fourth
   注: 在句中使用时常加the   the first student
       加不定冠词时表示再一次,又一次    He has to do it a second time.
C   分数词  
       先说分子再说分母,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于一时,分母用复数形式.
      1/3 one-third , 2/3 two-thirds ,
   注: 1/2可以写成 a half/one half , 1/4可以写成a quarter/one quarter
       复杂分数37/9 thirty-seven over nine , 87/33 eighty-seven over thirty-three
D    小数  "." point 所有数都按单个基数来读
       3.425 three point four two five
       0.312 zero point one two three  

  形容词
A   在句中的作用
  1 作定语 :前置定语 a big apple , an interting book
            后置定语 anything/something important , a school different from other
  2 作表语 This book is interting.   Please keep quiet.
  3 宾语补足语(复合补足语) I found the book interting.
  4 作状语 He spent seven days in the place cold and hungry.
  注:(1) 大部分的形容词在句中既可作定语也可作表语  a big apple  ; The apple is big.
     (2) 但有些形容词只可用作表语: alone , afraid , asleep , awake , aware , alive , ashamed ,
                             content , unable
     (3) able 既可作表语也可作定语 able an able doctor
                              be able to
     (4) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序  op  sh  a  c  o  m
         op-opinion 观点看法 beautiful
         sh-shape 形状大小 big  small  round
         a -age  年龄新旧 new  old
         c -colour 颜色 red  blue
         o -origin 产地 Chinese  Janpanese
         m -material 材料
         例: a beautiful big new red Chinese plastis bag

副词

A  副词在句中可修饰动词,形容词,副词.  He runs quickly.  so big ; very much
B  形容词变副词的方法:
1   一般直接加ly  quickly  carefully
2   以辅音加le结尾的去e加y  terribly  simply 注:wholly例外.
3   以辅音加y结尾的,当y读作[i]时,变y为i加ly  easily
4   特殊的: truly , fully

形容词,副词的比较级,最高级
一  构成:
A   单音节或少数双音节
  1  一般情况直接加 er/est  small-smaller-smallest
  2  以e结尾的形容词/副词加 r/st  fine-finer-finest ; nice ; large
  3  以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i加er/est  busy-busier-busiest
  4  双写  big-bigger-biggest ; red ; fat ; thin ; sad
B   多音节和和多数双音节的形容词/副词的比较级,最高级,在前面加 more/most,
    beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ; important ; carefully
C   特殊  good/well-better-best ; bad/ill-worse-worst ; much/many-more-most ; little-less-least;
          far-farther/further-farthest/furthest ; old-older/elder-oldest/eldst

二  比较级的用法,用于两者对比
A   常用于含有than的句子中 Tom is taller than Mike.
B   可用在含有which的句中 Which is bigger the sun or the earth.
C   比较级+比较级表示越来越...  bigger and bigger
    比较级前常用一些词修饰 much , far , alittle , still , even
D   比较级与the连用
  1  "the+比较级,the+比较级" 越是...就是...  The busier he is , the happier he feels.
  2  表示两者中"较...的一个" 比较级前要加the   He is the stranger of two.
三  最高级的用法
      用于三者以上的人/物之间的对比,形容词的最高级在句中使用时常加the , 副词的最高级在句中使用时有时可以加
  the.
A   常与表示范围的结构连用
  He is the tallest in our class in our class of the three/of all the students.
  If all the students, he studies (the) student.
B   也可用在含有which 的句子中  Which is the biggest , the earth or the moon?
注: 形容词的最高级也有不加the情况
    (1)当最高级前有物主代词修饰的时候 my best friend  
    (2)当形容词的最高级在句中作表语时 Vegetable are best when they are fiesh.

介词
最活跃的词之一,搭配能力强
学习介词的方法,1掌握介词的基本意思,2多记固定搭配,如look for, look on, look at
A   时间前的介词的做法
1  AT (1)点钟 at six (2)固定短语at night , at that time
2  IN (1)年 in 1999 (2)月in April (3)季 in summer (4)年月合用in April,1999 (5)in the evening
   (6)一段时间 in a week 常用于将来时的句子中,译成...之后
3  ON (1)星期 on Sunday (2)日期或具体的一天,无论上午下午都用on ,如on May .41999;on new year''day
4  FOR (1) 接一段时间,常用来回答how long 的句子,此时for不译
           He lived in Beijing for 3 years.
5  FROM 常于to连用 from Monday to Friday; from 1986 to 1999
6  DURING 在...期间,常接表示时间段的名词 During the Seland World War
7  SINCE 自从....,常用于完成时的句子中,后面常跟表示过去的时间,since 1999

B   地点前介词的用法
  AT 相对小的地点,IN 相对较大的地点:in Beijing ; at the library
     at the hospital 可指在内部,外部,附近,不确定
     in the hospital 在内部
  WITHIN 在...范围之内(不出...的范围),within+距离;of+地点
     He lives within 2 miles of the school.

除了
except 不包括后面的人物,We all passed the exam except tom.
heside 包括后面的人物,We all passed the exam heside tom.
except for 先说明基本情况,然后在细节上给予纠正,Your compostion is good except for spelling mistable.

一般过去时
构成:动词用过去时
用法:表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
过去式的构成:1 不规则动词,记cut-cut-cut;teach-taught;catch-caught
             2 规则动词(1)一般加ed
             3 以e结尾加d
             4 双写 stopped; permit; plan
否定: 1 be(was, were)后加not  2 主语后加助动词didn't+动词原形
疑问: 1 be(was ,were)提前     2 did+主语+动词原形
常见的时间: this time yesterday , at eight , last night , when(引导从句)

情态动词
特点:具有本身的意义,常和动词原形连用,一起构成谓语
     can  do 可以和所有人称连用
1 can (1) 表示能力 I can speak English.
      (2) 表示客观存在的可能性 He can never stand up.
      (3) 表示许可与may相近,但be able to 可以用于多种时态
2 could (1) 是can 的过去式,过去的能力或可能性:He said he could help me .He asked if he could take the book out of the room.
        (2) 表示现在的情况时,语气比can委婉,Could I smoke here?
3 may (1)表许可,May I come in?
      (2)表示可能性,或许 He may come tonight.
      (3)可以用来表示祝愿 May you succeed.
4 might (1)是may的过去式,表示过去的许可或可能性,He said he might come tonight.
        (2)说明现在的情况时,might常可代替may,但might比may的语气委婉,它的可能性比may要小
5 must (1)表示必须 We must clean the classroom(主观的愿望想法)
                  We have to clean the classroom(客观要求)
       (2)表示揣测,译成"一定" He must be in the libary.
注: 回答must一般疑问句,否定回答
    No, you need mustn't 表禁止,表不能
    Must I stay here? No you needn't.
6 should
  ought to 语气更重些,表示责任义务时,通常用ought to
  We should help each other.  You are his father , you ought to care of him.
ought to 变否定句时,在其后加not,变一般疑问句时ought提前,to 不变
7 need 表"需要"要用于否定或疑问句中 You needn't help him . Need I come?
       还可以用作及物动词,后面接不定式
8 dare "敢于"常用于否定,疑问句中 The girl dare not go home .  Dare you like in this room.
注:dare 也可以用作及物动词后接不定式, The boy didn't dare to leave .
    情态动词后也可以接完成结构
  1 must have+ 过去分词,表示对过去事情的推测, The ground is wet . It must have rained last night.
  2 should have+过去分词,表本应该做而未做的事情, The flower is dead, I should have watered it.
  3 Could/might + have+过去分词,表示可以做而未做的事情
    情态动词也可以接进行时结构 must be + 动词ing,  He must be waiting us . Let's hurry up.
                                                 He can be reading in the classroom.

句子
  A 按句子结构分:
1 简单句,只有一个主谓结构的句子. I love you.
2 并列句,并列连词(and, but, or, so, for)把两个或两个以上的句子连接起来,You must study hard or you will fail the exam.
3 复合句,有两个或两个或两个以上的主谓结构构成,并且其中一个主谓结构充当一个句子成分(主,宾,定,状,同位语)He said he was a student.
  B 按说话的意图分
1 陈述句,陈述一个事实,He gets up at six every day.
2 祈使句,表示命令或请求,愿望,叮嘱.以动词原形开始,省去主语,否定是在动原前加don''t  , Take care of yourself.
注:祈使句后可以加一个简短的问句,表示语气客气, Let''s go to school,shall we?
3 感叹句表示一种惊奇,愉快,气愤等情绪
  How+形容词/副词+主+谓
  What+ a/an+(adj)单数名词+主+谓
        (adj)名词复数+主+谓
  看主语前是什麽决定用哪个词, 感叹句常可以把主语省去,尤其是以what开头
4 疑问句 : 一般,特殊,选择,反意
(1)一般疑问句,用TES/NO来回答,常把助动词BE,情态动词WILL,DO,DOES,DID,HAVE...提前. Are you a teacher? Yes i am.
(2)特殊疑问句,由疑问词加一般疑问句构成.WHAT,WHEN,WHERE,HOW MANY
注: 当主句为疑问句或由疑问词修饰时,后用陈述语序, How many students are playing football.
5 选择疑问句,提供两种或两种以上的情况供选择
  构成:一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句
6 反意疑问句,先陈述一个事实,后加上一个简短的疑问句(前面肯定,后面否定/前面否定,后面肯定) He is a student, isn't it ?
注:如果陈述句中含有hardly/seldom/little/few等表示否定意义的词时,应该看作否定句,
    He never went to school late, did he ?
    陈述句为否定句时,回答YES译为"不",NO译为"是"

现在完成时
1 构成:助动词HAVE/HAS+过去分词,否定:HAVE/HAS后加NOT;疑问:HAVE/HAS提前
2 用法:表示过去发生的动作对现在构成的影响或结果
3 常跟的时间状语:all readly(用于肯定句) yet否"还" 疑"已经" , just , ever , never
  不可以与明确表示过去的时间连用
4 过去发生的动作一直保持到现在
  He has lived in Beijing for 10 years.
  常接的时间状语:(1)for+一段时间, for不祥 (2)since +一般过去时的句子/过去的时间
注:此时所用的动词finish, marry, borrow, buy, join, die 用It's+一段时间since+主语+过去式

过去完成时
1 构成(助)had+过去分词 否定:在HAD后加NOT  疑问:HAD提前
2 用法:表示在过去的某个时间或某个动作之前已经完成的动作(过去的过去)
注:不是一个可以随便用的时态,是相对的时态,只有与过去某个时间某个动作对比时才会用到它.
    He said he had finished his homework.
    常用在复合句中或用在(by+过去的时间)这一结构中"到...为止"
    When had learned 5 English Songs, by the end of last term.
    现在完成时的时间状语在过去完成时里都可以用

过去将来时
1 构成:would(所有人称)/should(只用于第一人称)+动原 或 was/were going to +动词原形
2 用法:表示从过去某个时间看,将要发生的动作,着眼点是过去,从过去看将来(过去的将来)
       He said he would go to visit the Great wall, next year.
3 语态:(1)主动语态,主语是谓语动作的执行者 They built the house last year.
       (2)被动语态,主语是谓语动作的承受者 The house was built last year.
      被动语态的构成:be+及物动词的过去式(不及物动词无被动语态)
4 各时态的被动语态
  一般现在时am/is/are+过分;一般过去时was/were+过分
  一般将来时will/shall + be +过分;现在进行时am/is/are +being+过分
  现在完成时have/has +been+过分;过去完成时had +been+过分
  过去将来时would/should +be+过分;过去进行时was/were +being+过分
  含情态动词can +be+过分

主动变被动的方法
1 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语
2 把主动语态的谓语变为被动结构
3 把主动的主语做BY的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(根据情况,BY结构可以省去,尤其是代词)
4 当主动结构中含双宾语时常把间接宾语变为主语
5 当主语结构中含有固定短语时不可拆

动词不定式:非谓语动词
非谓语动词(不定式,动名词,分词)
1 结构:to+动原,后面可以用宾语,状语,表语
不定式符号/小品词 to tell him 宾 , to run quickly 状 , to be a teacher 表
2 动词不定式在句中的作用(主,宾,表,宾补,定语,状语)
(1)做主语:To swim in deep water is very dangerous.
          不定式做主语时若太长,可以用IT代替,而把真正的主语放在后面,使句子平稳.
         It's very dangerous to swim in deep water.
          若要表示出不定式的动作是谁做的,用for +sb结构,放在不定式之前.
(2)做宾语:前面的谓语动词常常具有愿望决心的意思 He wants to live here.
          主+动+it(adj)+to do
(3)做表语:放在BE动词之后,多表示将来的动作 My plan is to learn 1500 new words this term.
(4)做宾补:动 +sb +to do sth ; want/tell/order/ask +sb +to do sth
         常见动词(want,tell,order,ask,invite,force,beg,allow,wish,prefer,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,permit, remind, request, command, warn, urge)
         使意动词(let, have, make) 感官动词(see, watch, hear, feel, notice)
         help sb (to) do sth  My mother help me (to) learn English.
(5)做定语:注:a要放在所修饰词之后;b不定式的动作与所修饰的词之间常有动宾关系(可倒过来说)
             c不定式是不及物动词时,应加上相应的介词;d有时不定式的动作与所修饰的词无动宾关系
(6)做状语:(可以表示目的,结果,原因)
          a 目的:He came here to see his uncle.
            注:不定式做状语时为了强调目的,可以把不定式移到前面,还可以在TO前加in order to...
            He came here in order to see his uncle.
          b 结果:He woke up to hear something strange.
            too...too...
            He is too young to go to school.
          c 原因:I am sorry to hear that.
                 主+be+形容词+to do sth  I'm happy to see you .
3 不定式的特殊用法:可以与疑问句连用 How to do...when/where/what/which to...
                  可以做主语,宾语,表语
                  不定式否定形式:在TO前面加NOT
4 不定式逻辑主语
(1)有时就是句子是主语 He wants to do it.
(2)有时是句子的宾语 He asked me to help him.
(3)It's+形容词for sb to do sth

不定式的时态和语态
时态:
1 不定式的一般式(to do)表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前 I''m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
2 进行时(to be doing)不定式动作与谓语动词同时发生并正在继续
  I am glad to be studing with you in the same class.
3 完成进行式(to have been doing)不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前,并正在进行
  I'm glad to have been studing with you in the same class since last month.
语态:主动,逻辑主语是不定式或动作的执行者
     被动,逻辑主语是不定式或动作的承担者
1 一般式被动语态,常表示动作在将来发生(to be done) He asked to be sent to Guangdong.
2 完成式的被动语态,表示过去的动作(to have been done) He is glad to have been told about it.  

Many people know that if you want to express yourself well. You must be able to know and handle verbs well. This is a weak point for you. Today I''m going to help you out in this department by letting you know some of the most important and MUST-KNOW verbs.

I still remember when I was in High school, I read an article that presented a study of 16 most useful verbs in English. For most of people these words are familiar to you, but have you ever thought about how to express more ideas using these verbs ?

be , have , come - go , put - take , give - get ,
make , keep , let , do , say , see , send ,
cause,

for example : get

get off/ on 下/上车
get lost / get out of here 滚 ！
get over yourself. 别臭美了 ！
you got it ? = DO YOU UNDERSTAND ？
I got it. 明白了 ！
You got it. 猜/答对了
Don''t get me wrong. 别误会 ！
Get along ! 胡说 ！
get along with sb. 和某人关系很好
get away 离开
get through 通过
get away from 脱离
get up 起床
I''ve got a pen. 我有 。。。
I''ve got to go. 我需要 。。。
....

60个最长用也是必会的动词！
act , attack , attempt , awake , base , be a sign of , bite , blow , burn , burst , control , cook , cry out , crush , cry , damage , desire , doubt , drink , fly , fold , give , go, go into , guide , hate , have *** , hear , hope , jump , kick , kiss , laugh , lead , let , love , look for , measure , pull , push , regret , reward , roll, run , see, shake , sleep , slip , smile , sneeze , start , station , stop , support , swim , talk about , taste , touch , walk , wash , whistle .

以经常接触的情景来划分常用的动词也是个很好的方法 ！ （THINK ABOUT IT AND WORK ON IT ！ ） 下为MOST IMPORTANT VERBS IN MOST IMPORTANT SITUATIONS。

VERBS
be become
cause make
do have

is/are able to ... [aux v pres]

ACTIVITY
sleep * awake [aj]
bite * have *** (with)
cry out * cry *
drink * jump *
kick * kiss *
laugh * run *
smile * sneeze *
swim * taste *
touch * walk *

HIERARCHY
control * let

BUSINESS
give reward *

RELIGION, MIND
doubt * guide, lead *
hate * hope *
love act *
regret * look for *
desire *

COMMUNICATION
talk about * be a sign of

QUANTITY, DEGREE
measure *

MOTION
come come across
go go into
slip * fly (move thru air) *

TIME, SEQUENCE
start * stop *

MATER-Related ACTIONS
blow burn *
burst * crush
fold *
pull push
shake * wash *

LIGHT
see

SOUND
hear whistle *

HEAT
attack *

ASSORTED ABSTRACT
attack * make
damage * attempt *
support *

Words marked with * are words that can be used both as a noun and as a verb !!!

As you can see, one powerful word can create a large list of expressions. work more on the above words hope you can manage your language better !

hooker [possibly offensive]: prostitute.
"You''ll find a lot of hookers in the red light district."

horny [possibly offensive]: ***ually stimulated; in the mood for ***.
"Red wine seems to make my boyfriend horny. "

hot (1): popular.
"Brad Pitt is really hot now."

hot (2): ***y.
"Wow! Cindy Crawford is really hot!"

humungous: really big.
"American supermarkets are humungous."

hungries, to have: be hungry.
"I don''t know about you, but I''ve got the hungries."

hyper: overly excited.
"Children often get hyper when they are tired."

icky: unpleasant.
"The food is really icky in the school cafeteria."

I.D.: identification.
"If you want to order a beer, you''ll need your I.D."

I''m outta here: I''m leaving; I''m departing.
"Sorry, but I''m outta here, dude."

in: fashionable.
"Ray-Ban sunglasses are really in now."

ivories: teeth.
"Tom Cruise has really beautiful ivories."

jack around [possibly offensive]: waste time.
"Will you please stop jacking around?"

jam, in a (1): trouble.
"If you''re in a jam, I promise to help you."

jam (2): improvise (musically).
"I''d love to jam with Bon Jovi!"

jamming, to be : going well.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is really jamming!"

jerk: stupid or annoying person.
"How could you go out with such a jerk?"

jillion: an immense number.
"Do you really have a jillion problems?"

jock: someone good at sports.
"I''ve never been much of a jock."

john: toilet.
"Where''s the john?"

K (k): a thousand.
"I could retire with 100 K (k)!"

kick back: relax and enjoy.
"I wish I could kick back at the beach today."

kick off: die.
"My dog finally kicked off."

killer: something exceptional or great.
"Wow, your boyfriend is killer!"

knock: condemn.
"Don''t knock it unless you''ve tried it."

knockout: beautiful woman; handsome man.
"Benjamin is already a knockout!"

kook: peculiar person.
"Stop acting like a kook!"

laid back: relaxed; calm.
"I always feel laid back at the beach."

lame: incompetent.
"Dave is really lame when is comes to fixing his car."

lip: cheeky talk.
"My students are always giving me lip!"

loser: a bungling and worthless person.
"Why are you dating such a loser?"

love handles: excess fat around the waist.
"Is it possible for Dave to lose his love handles?"

luck out: to be lucky or fortunate.
"You really luck out by visiting Dave''s ESL Cafe!"

make waves: cause problems.
"Teachers don''t like students to make waves."

max, to the : maximum.
"I''m happy to the max."

mega: big.
"American restaurants serve mega portions of food."

megabucks: a large amount of money.
"It takes megabucks to live in Japan."

mellow: relaxed.
"I''m feeling very mellow this evening."

mickey-mouse: unimportant; time-wasting.
"I''m sick of this mickey-mouse job."

monkey bite: a kiss that leaves a mark on the skin.
"I don''t want any monkey bites tonight, okay?"

munch out: to eat voraciously.
"Let''s munch out on a large pizza!"

nada: nothing (from Spanish).
"I know nada about politics."

neat: cool; great.
"Isn''t my new car neat?"

noid: someone that''s paranoid.
"Why are you so noid?"

nuke (1): nuclear weapon.
"This world had too many nukes."

nuke (2): destroy; delete.
"Sorry, but I accidentally nuked your e-mail message."

nuke (3): cook something in the microwave oven.
"Can you nuke this frozen pizza for me?"

nut (1): odd or crazy person.
"Why are you always acting like a nut?"

nut (2): someone passionate about something.
"I''m a nut about computers."

nuts [offensive]: testicles.
"Don''t ever kick me in the nuts."

okay: decent.
"My boss is an okay person."

OK: decent.
"Dave is an okay person."

pad: someone''s home.
"Can I sleep at your pad tonight?"

party: celebrate.
"Let''s party tonight!"

party animal: someone that loves parties.
"Dave has been known to sometimes be a party animal."

paws: hands.
"Get your paws off me!"

peanuts: very little money.
"I love my job, but the pay is peanuts."

pee: to urinate.
"I always have to pee after drinking beer."

pickled: drunk.
"He got pickled on vodka."

pig out: eat too much.
"Dave is famous for pigging out on chocolate ice cream."

piss: to urinate.
"My dog pissed on me!"

pissed (off): angry; upset.
"I''m really pissed (off) at you."

plastered: drunk.
"Why does he always get plastered?"

pad: someone''s home.
"Can I sleep at your pad tonight?"

poop, the (1): knowledge; information.
"What''s the poop on Michael Jackson?"

poop [offensive] (2): defecation; shit.
"Be careful not to step on dog poop."

poop out: get tired and quit.
"I got pooped out after spending eight hours at Disneyland."

pot (1): toilet.
"Who''s on the pot?"

pot (2): marijuana.
"It''s easy to buy pot in the big city."

pr someone who''s good at something; professional.
"She''s really a pro at golf."

psych crazy person.
"Stay away from that psycho!"

puke: vomit.
"Alcohol makes some people puke."

pumped (up): excited.
"I''m really pumped (up) about Dave''s ESL Cafe!"

puss: the face.
"My girlfriend slapped me right on the puss."

quarterback: leader.
"Dave is the quarterback of Dave''s ESL Cafe."

quick and dirty: done fast, but not well.
"The mechanic did a quick and dirty repair on my car."

racket (1): noise.
"Small kids can make a lot of racket."

racket (2): something that''s dishonest or deceptive.
"The Tobacco Industry is quite a racket."

racket (3): an occupation.
"I''ve been in the ESL racket for fourteen years."

rank: give someone a difficult time.
"She''s always ranking her teacher."

rat: a despicable person.
"I thought I loved you, but now I know you''re really a rat."

razz: annoy someone.
"Will you please stop razzing me?"

rear (end): buttocks.
"Dave fell on his rear (end)."

riot, a : something or someone very funny.
"Jim Carrey is a riot!"

rip off (1): stealing.
"Someone ripped off my car."

rip off (2): fraud.
"I paid $10,000 for my computer. What a rip off!"

rocking: great; excellent.
"Dave''s ESL class is really rocking!"

rubbish: nonsense; not true.
"That rumor is a bunch of rubbish."

rug rat: a child.
"Dave has a couple of rug rats at home."

runs, the: diarrhea.
"Oh no! I''ve got the runs!"

scarf: to eat.
"I can easily scarf an entire banana split."

screw up: to make a mistake.
"I screwed up on the driving test, so I didn''t pass."

screw-up: a person who makes a mistake.
"Why are you such a screw-up?"

scum: a despicable individual.
"Don''t hang around with that kind of scum."

shades: sunglasses.
"Those are really cool shades!"

shoot some hoops: play basketball.
"Let''s shoot some hoops!"

silks: clothing.
"Those are really awesome silks!"

smarts: intelligence.
"It takes a lot of smarts to become a doctor."

smurfbrain: a dumb or stupid person.
"Stop acting like a smurfbrain!"

snookered: cheated.
"I got snookered into buying swamp land in Florida."

sofa spud: a person who watches too much television.
"I''m usually a sofa spud on Sunday."

solid (1): really good; cool.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is totally solid!"

solid (2): consecutive.
"It''s been raining for seven solid days."

specs: eyeglasses.
"I didn''t know that you wore specs."

split: to leave.
"Let''s split from here now."

spunk: spirit.
"She might be small, but she''s got a lot of spunk."

stoned (out): drunk from drugs or alcohol.
"I''m really stoned (out), dude!"

street smart: knowledgeable about city life.
"Since Dave is from Los Angeles, he''s very street smart."

suck: to be bad and unacceptable.
"That song really sucks!"

technicolor yawn, to do a : vomit.
"My dog just did a technicolor yawn all over the carpet!"

thou: thousand.
"I need to borrow a hundred thou."

threads: clothing.
"My wife spent $900 on new threads."

ticker (1): the heart.
"My grandfather has a bad ticker."

ticker (2): a watch.
"Wow! That''s a really cool ticker!"

tints: sunglasses.
"You have to wear tints in California."

totally: really; completely.
"That''s totally awesome, dude!"

to the max: maximum.
"I studied to the max."

turkey (1): failure; flop.
"Thank goodness that Dave''s ESL Cafe is not a turkey!"

turkey (2): dumb person.
"Turkeys are not allowed to work for this company."

turn-off: something that repulses a person.
"Bad breath is a real turn-off."

umpteen: many; countless.
"I''ve asked you umpteen times to show me the money!"

unlax: relax.
"Dave needs to definitely unlax with his family."

upchuck: vomit.
"She got sick and upchucked three times."

uptight: nervous; anxious.
"Why are you so uptight?"

vanilla (1): plain.
"She drives a vanilla car."

vanilla (2): Caucasian.
"The Midwest is too vanilla for me."

wad: roll of money.
"It''s dangerous to carry a big wad in your pocket."

wasted: killed.
"A lot of people get wasted in the streets of New York."

wheels: car; motorcycle.
"If you want to live in Los Angeles, you''ve got to get some wheels"

whitebread: plain; boring.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is definitely not whitebread!"

whiz (1): someone who shows a special talent for something.
"Einstein was a whiz in Physics."

whiz [offensive] (2): to urinate.
"I really have to take a whiz."

wimpy: weak.
"Don''t be so wimpy!"

winks, get some: sleep.
"I really need to get some winks"

wrong wrong.
"That is totally wrongo!"

yank (1): bother; harass.
"Stop yanking me, okay?"

Yank (2): a Yankee; an American.
"Dave is a Yank."

zer an unimportant person.
"If you don''t work hard, you''ll end up a zero."

zip (1): nothing.
"I don''t know zip about you."

zip (2): energy; vigor.
"I need something that will give me more zip. "

zit: pimple; acne.
"Teens often have a lot of zits

A to Z slang

airhead: stupid person.
"Believe it or not, Dave can sometimes act like an airhead!"

amig friend (from Spanish).
"I met many amigos at Dave''s ESL Cafe."

ammunition: toilet paper.
"Help! We''re completely out of ammunition!"

antifreeze: alcohol.
"I''m going to need a lot of antifreeze tonight!"

armpit: dirty, unappealing place.
"This cheap motel is an absolute armpit!"

ass [offensive] (1): backside.
"I fell on my ass on the ski slopes."

ass (2): an unworthy and hated person.
"I cannot be friends when you act like an ass."

awesome: great and impressive.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is truly awesome!"

baby boomer: a person born from the end of the Second World War until the early 1960s.
"Dave Sperling was born in 1961, so he''s considered a baby boomer."

ball (1): a fun time.
"I really had a ball in Dave''s ESL class."

ball [offensive] (2): a testicle.
"After getting kicked in the balls, his voice seemed much higher."

bang (1): a very powerful thing.
"Disneyland is really a bang!"

bang (2): a powerful effect.
"Japanese sake really has a bang!"

barf (1): vomit.
"My dog barfed all over the carpet."

barf (2): vomit.
"Don''t step on the barf!"

barf-out: a displeasing person or affair.
"That restaurant was a real barf-out."

bazillion: an infinite number of something.
"Has Dennis really taught a bazillion students?"

B-ball: basketball.
"Do you wanna play b-ball with me?"

beans: money.
"I''ve worked for this company for ten years, but I still don''t have beans."

beat: tired.
"I''m really beat because I was awake all night."

beemer: a BMW.
"He wants to buy a beemer when he makes more money."

biggie: something important.
"I was hoping to get my homework completed, but it''s no biggie. "

biker: a motorcycle rider.
"Dave used to be a biker until he got into a serious motorcycle accident."

***** [offensive] (1): a very unpleasant woman.
"My boss can be such a ***** sometimes."

***** [offensive] (2): complain.
"Stop *****ing and finish your homework!"

*****y [offensive]: moody.
"I like my friend Steve, even though he can be really *****y."

bod: body.
"Stalone has a great bod!"

bonkers; go bonkers: crazy.
"If Dave works too hard, he sometimes goes slightly bonkers!"

boobo a mistake.
"I made a booboo on the last question of the exam."

boob tube: television.
"Benjamin is always in front of the boob tube."

booze: alcohol.
"The ESL party was fun, even though there wasn''t any booze."

boss: excellent; great.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is totally boss!"

bread: money.
"Can I borrow some bread?"

brew (1): coffee.
"Every morning Dave needs a fresh cup of brew."

brew (2): beer.
"Do you want another brew, dude?"

brewski: beer.
"I love drinking brewskies!"

B.S.: bullshit; lies.
"I''m tired of listening to your B.S."

bull: bullshit; lie.
"That''s a bunch of bull!"

bullshit [offensive]: lie; dishonesty.
"I don''t like people that bullshit me"

buns [possibly offensive]: the rear end; buttocks.
"Don''t stare at my buns!"

bushed: extremely tired.
"I''m completely bushed."

butt: the buttocks.
"Stop sitting on your butt and help me wash the dishes!"

catch some rays: get some sunshine.
"Let''s go to the beach and catch some rays."

cheesy: cheap; outmoded.
"Why are you wearing such cheesy clothes?"

chicken: coward.
"Don''t be such a chicken!"

cool: excellent; superb.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is totally cool!"

cooler, the: jail.
"If you drink and drive, you''ll end up spending time in the cooler."

couch potat a person who watches too much television.
"Why did I have to marry such a couch potato?"

crap [offensive] (1): something worthless.
"My furniture is a bunch of cheap crap."

crap [offensive] (2): excrement.
"Yuck! I stepped on dog crap!"

crap [offensive] (3): falsehoods and lies.
"I''ve had enough of your crap."

deck: to hit someone.
"His wife almost decked him when he returned home with lipstick on his shirt."

dicey: unpredictable; risky.
"Gambling is a dicey occupation."

diner money (from Spanish).
"I wish I had more dinero!"

dirt: extremely bad person.
"My ex-boyfriend was dirt."

dirty: offensive; pornographic.
"Stop looking at the pictures in that dirty magazine!"

dorky: strange; peculiar.
"If you keep acting so dorky, you''ll never get a girlfriend!"

dude: a male.
"That''s really cool, dude!"

dynamite: powerful; excellent.
"Dave gave a dynamite presentation."

dinosaur: something old fashioned or out of date.
"I''d love to surf the Net, but unfortunately my computer is a dinosaur."

el cheap something cheap.
"Since I don''t make much money, I always purchase the el cheapo brand."

evil: great; excellent.
"Your car is really evil!"

eyeball: to stare long and hard at someone or something.
"Dave eyeballed his daughter''s new boyfriend."

eyepopper: something or someone visibly astounding.
"Wow, that girl is truly an eyepopper!"

fab: fabulous.
"Dave''s ESL Cafe is really fab!"

face-off: confrontation.
"I think it''s time we had a face-off."

fart [offensive]: to expel intestinal gas.
"It''s embarrassing to fart on the first date."

fender-bender: small accident.
"This morning I had a fender-bender on the Ventura Freeway."

flaky: unpredictable.
"I waited four hours for my flaky friend to show up."

flashback: sudden memory.
"In Little Tokyo I had a flashback to my days living in Japan."

flick: movie.
"Let''s go out tonight and watch a flick."

fox: attractive, alluring person.
"Is it true that Dave is a fox?"

freebie: something that does not cost money.
"My trip to New York was a freebie."

French kiss [possibly offensive]: kissing with the tongue.
"Dave''s dog is always trying to French kiss him!"

geek: someone who works too hard, is more intelligent than usual, and is slightly unattractive.
"Bill Gates is kind of a geek."

get it: to understand something.
"Sorry, but I just don''t get it."

get naked [possibly offensive]: to completely relax and have a good time.
"Let''s get naked tonight!"

glitch: flaw.
"There must be a glitch in this softwware."

go bananas: go slightly mad.
"This project is causing me to go bananas!"

gomer: a dumb person.
"Stop acting like a gomer!"

goof (1): a silly and foolish person.
"What a goof you are!"

goof (2): make a mistake.
I really goofed on the test today."

goof off (1): waste time.
"Stop goofing off and help me clean the house!"

goof-off (2): someone who wastes time and isn''t serious.
"A goof-off never does well in school"

goof up: make a mistake.
"Oh no! I really goofed up!"

goofy: silly.
"Kids always make me feel goofy!"

grabbers: hands.
"Have you washed your grabbers, Benjamin?"

grand: one thousand dollars.
"He''s making over a hundred grand a year!"

grass: marijuana.
"Have you ever smoked grass?"

grub: food.
"Where''s the grub?!"

grubby: not clean.
"I always feel grubby in the morning."

grungy: unclean and stinky.
"Grungy people are not allowed in Dave''s house!"

gut: a person''s stomach; belly.
"Dave is getting a big gut because he loves chocolate ice cream and beer!"

guts (1): courage.
"It took a lot of guts to ask his boss for a raise."

guts (2): the nature of something.
"Let''s get to the guts of Dave Sperling!"

hairy: difficult; dangerous.
"The steep and windy road was really hairy."

hang a left: make a left turn.
"Hang a left at the next corner."

hang a right: make a right turn.
"Hang a right at the next corner."

head: toilet.
"I really need to use the head!"

hep: sensible; informed.
"She''s a really hep student."

hickey: a love bite on the skin.
"Wow! Is that a hickey on your neck?"

hip: sensible; informed.
"He really tries hard to be hip."

符号的英文读法

． period 句号
≈ is approximately equal to 约等于号
， comma 逗号
＜ is less than 小于号
： colon 冒号
＞ is more than 大于号
； semicolon 分号
≮ is not less than 不小于号
！ exclamation 惊叹号
≯ is not more than 不大于号
？ question mark 问号
≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
￣ hyphen 连字符
≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
' apostrophe 省略号
；所有格符号
％ per cent 百分之…
- dash 破折号
‰ per mill 千分之…
' ' single quotation marks 单引号
∞ infinity 无限大号
double quotation marks 双引号
∝ varies as 与…成比例
( ) parentheses 圆括号
√ (square) root 平方根
[ ] square brackets 方括号
∵ since; because 因为
《 》 French quotes 法文引号;书名号
∴ hence 所以
... ellipsis 省略号
∷ equals, as (proportion) 等于，成比例
¨ tandem colon 双点号
∠ angle 角
ditto 双点号
⌒ semicircle 半圆
‖ parallel 双线号
⊙ circle 圆
／ virgule 斜线号
○ circumference 圆周
＆ ampersand = and
π pi 圆周率
～ swung dash 代字号
△ triangle 三角形
§ section; division 分节号
⊥ perpendicular to 垂直于
→ arrow 箭号；参见号
∪ union of 并，合集
＋ plus 加号；正号
∩ intersection of 交，通集
－ minus 减号；负号
∫ the integral of …的积分
± plus or minus 正负号
( ∑ sigma) summation of 总和
× is multiplied by 乘号
° degree 度
÷ is divided by 除号
′ minute 分
＝ is equal to 等于号
″ second 秒
≠ is not equal to 不等于号
＃ number …号
≡ is equivalent to 全等于号
℃ Celsius system 摄氏度
≌ is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号
＠ at 单价

老师给学生们出了个作文题目：“10块钱能干什么？”

 

第二天，老师看到了同学们的答案：

 

普通工人的儿子林小毛：爸爸说，10块钱能打25分钟的电话。妈妈说，10块钱能买一只鸡腿。爷爷说，10块钱能买两包中档香烟。奶奶说，10块钱能买一顿早点。我觉得，10块钱能买10个冰棒。

 

包工头的儿子郑小发：爸爸背着妈妈对我说，10块钱不够给小姐一次小费。妈妈说，10块钱买不到一只高级唇膏。爷爷说，10块钱买不到一包中华烟。奶奶说，10块钱不够打一圈麻将。我说，10块钱不够一天的零花钱。

 

房地产商的儿子王小顺：爸爸说，10块钱可以买一顿狗食。妈妈说，10块钱可以买一本时尚杂志。爷爷说，10块钱可以买一个最便宜的鸟笼。奶奶说，10块钱能让擦皮鞋的给她擦一次鞋。我说，10块钱可以让我打一次的到学校。

 

市委秘书长的儿子李小路：爸爸说，10块钱用不着单独开发票。妈妈说，10块钱长啥样我没印象。爷爷说，10块钱装兜里太占地方。奶奶说，10块钱怎么能算钱？

 

建筑队里工作的下岗工人的儿子李强：爸爸说，10块钱是我干一天活儿的工钱。妈妈说，10块钱是我两天的饭钱。爷爷说，10块钱能买10支俺孙子最爱吃的糖葫芦。奶奶说，我不知道10块钱能干什么，因为我的口袋里从没有超过10块钱。我说，10块钱能买20包方便面，每天中午吃一包，够吃20天。

 

老师的评语：10块钱可以买一本课外读物，10块钱可以买一盒英语磁带，10块钱可以买一只普通钢笔，10块钱可以买到一份勤奋，一个志向，一颗恒心......

同女人做爱和同女人睡觉时两种互不相干的事情，前者是情欲--感官享受，后者是爱情--相濡以沫。